Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Fact Check:


Telling Lies

“The senses deceive from time to time, and it is prudent never to trust wholly those who have deceived us even once.”
Rene Descartes

          Deception occurs in all facets of life. The average human being, for instance, tells 1.65 lies per day. Several studies done in 2010 showed that of the total number of lies told on any given day, 23% will be told by 4% of the population, and fully half are told by 5%. In other words, some people lie more than others. According to Psychologist Gad Saad, the ability to lie is one factor that led to the evolution of our large brains. We developed what he calls the “Machiavellian capacity,” which is the capacity for improved deception, along with the ability to detect deception in others—i.e. we got better at lying with a straight face, and at recognizing the signs when other people are lying.

          The ability to self-deceive helps. According to evolutionary biologist, Robert Trivers, self-deception permits us to do a better job of deceiving others, and it helps us to navigate safely in a world filled with human deception. Our president is recognized as a master of deception. He has made fact-checking into an industry, and his number of daily lies has increased over time. According to those who count these “alternative facts,” in the beginning of his presidency, he told 4.9 lies per day, which has now increased to 9 lies per day.

          One might wonder why this increase happens. Well, there’s research about that, too. Associate Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College in London, Tali Sharot, researched why some people (not specifically Trump) become more deceptive as they go along. She found that our emotional response to telling a lie is reduced every time we lie. The first time, we might feel a twinge of regret, but over time and with the retelling of lies, our response diminishes and goes away entirely. We become guilt-free liars.

          Of course, there are big lies and white lies; some are told to protect and some to harm, and there’s a huge difference between those two. We all tell white lies. Here’s the danger; almost none of us, except for con-artists and sociopaths, can tell a lie without showing tell-tale signs. We are inherently unable to hide our body language which gives us away. Here are some signs that someone is lying to you:

1.    Inconsistency-not always a lie; sometimes happens when further details are remembered
2.    Suspicious expressions-includes blushing, blinking, flared nostrils, fake smiles, nervous laughter
3.    Repeating the question-may be stalling for time to concoct an answer
4.    Unnecessary superlatives-Tremendous! Literally! Or my particular favorite, Beautiful!
5.    A desire to shut everything down-doesn’t want to talk about it, changes the subject, calls upon someone else
6.    Qualifying language- “if I’m being completely truthful,” “in all honesty”
7.    Flourishes on the word NO-saying no while looking away, saying prolonged or sing-song no, hesitating before saying no.
8.    Failing to remember details-“I can’t recall,” “I barely know him/her”
9.    Inappropriate emotions-terrible news delivered with a joking attitude, or good news with tempered enthusiasm
10. Contempt-combination of anger and moral superiority, makes rapport impossible, and can be recognized by the curling of one corner of the lip upward and inward. (Bill Murphy, Jr. at INC.)

None of us is 100% honest. But if someone lies to you on a regular basis, it’s smart to steer clear of them. And, if you find yourself manufacturing tales frequently, you may want to look at that, too. We usually lie when there is something we fear. A good question to ask is, “What am I afraid might happen if I tell the truth?

                                                  In the Spirit,
                                                  Jane


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